plane electromagnetic waves in vacuum or Free Space

 plane electromagnetic waves in vacuum or Free Space

 Maxwell’s equations in free space can be written  as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Displacement Current

 

Displacement Current

 

The current due to the changing electric field is called displacement current. Displacement current arises due to varying electromotive force. The  SI unit of displacement current is Ampere (A)

 

 

Relation between Electric and Magnetic fields of an Electromagnetic Wave

 

relation between electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic wave

Let an electromagnetic wave is propagating alon z-axis and E_x ,is component of Electric field, then, 

 

Wave Equation, Electromagnetic

 

wave equation

 

Let us consider a uniform linear medium with permittivity ε, permeability μ, and conductivity s. Then, we have